Highly accurate method for measuring luminous efficacy of LEDs

A new method helps discovering the most efficient lamps, which may save billions in lighting costs in the future.

Researchers at Aalto University and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland developed a more accurate method of measuring the brightness of LED lamps. The

“Thus far, solutions based on incandescent lamps have been used in photometry, i.e. in measuring light detected by the human eye,” explains Tomi Pulli, a doctoral student at Aalto University.

He said that current photometers are designed for incandescent lamps and are inaccurate when used on LEDs.

“In our research, we used an LED lamp with a well-defined spectrum and a PQED detector, which we developed together with VTT MIKES Metrology and European partners, and whose spectral responsiveness can be determined highly accurately.

Therefore, there was no need for the problematic optical filters used in applications based on incandescent lamps. Indeed, accurately determining and analysing the spectrum of the LED was the most challenging and crucial part of the research,” he reveals.

From a dot to a sphere

The detector used in measurements by Pulli and his co-researchers measures the brightness of LEDs in a very small area. According to Professor Erkki Ikonen, the head of research, the next step will be to move onto measurements corresponding to real-life conditions for lighting.

“LED lamps emit light to all directions. In order to measure the luminous efficacy, we thus use a device called an integrated sphere, which takes into account light coming from different directions, he specifies and reminds us that the history of LEDs is still short when compared to incandescent and fluorescent lamps.

Therefore, there is still little information available on their actual efficacy and ageing properties. Indeed, it is essential to determine luminous efficacy as accurately as possible so that such lamps can be introduced in the market that transform as much electrical energy into light useful to the human eye as possible.

“So far, the portion of LEDs has been merely around 10% globally, but the amount is increasing at a rapid pace,” Ikonen explains.

Lighting amounts to approximately 20% of the electricity consumption in the world. Once the share of LEDs increases close to 50%, an improvement of as little as one percent in the accuracy of measuring the luminous efficacy of the lamps introduced in the market will mean saving billions of euros each year.